Hugo Awards
Hugo Awards and Nominees |
|||
| The Hugo Awards are named in honor of Hugo Gernsback, the first editor to issue an all science-fiction magazine, Amazing Stories, in April, 1926. They are awarded by popular vote of the members of each year’s World Science Fiction Convention as representing the best work in each category published during the previous year. The first World Science Fiction Convention was held in 1939 in New York, and moves to a different city each year. Anyone can become a member for each year by paying the appropriate entry fee. The first Hugos were given out in 1953, with no plans for it to become an annual function. Thus no Hugos were awarded in 1954, and in 1955, only an abbreviated list of categories was awarded. Over the years, the list of categories has been expanded and semi-standardised, and is now one of the main events at each convention. The winners shown here for 1946 were awarded as ‘retro’ Hugos at the 1996 convention. The 2001 convention also decided to include a ‘retro’ year, 1951, as did the 2004 convention for 1954.This listing only shows works of fiction and drama, other categories, such as Professional Artist, are not included. Items listed in boldface are the winners for each year, followed by a listing of all the other nominees.
There were no nominee listings for the years 1953-1958. The items listed here represent just about every conceivable style, theme, treatment, and sub-category of science fiction and fantasy. In some cases I don’t agree with the final Hugo winner choice, feeling that one of the other nominees was much better (and why couldn’t all those other voting blockheads see that self-evident truth!), but in general almost all the stories here are high quality, satisfying reads. |
|||
| Year | Category | Title | Author |
| 1946 (Awarded at the 1996 Convention in Anaheim, CA) | |||
| Novel | |||
| The Mule | Isaac Asimov | ||
| Red Sun of Danger (aka Danger Planet) | Edmond Hamilton (pseud. Brett Sterling) | ||
| Destiny Times Three | Fritz Leiber | ||
| That Hideous Strength | C. S. Lewis | ||
| The World of Null-A | A. E. Van Vogt | ||
| Novella | |||
| Animal Farm | George Orwell | ||
| Dead Hand | Isaac Asimov | ||
| Giant Killer | A. Bertram Chandler | ||
| I Remember Lemuria | Richard S. Shaver | ||
| Novelette | |||
| First Contact | Murray Leinster | ||
| Pi in the Sky | Frederic Brown | ||
| Into Thy Hands | Lester del Rey | ||
| The Mixed Men | A. E. Van Vogt | ||
| Short Story | |||
| Uncommon Sense | Hal Clement | ||
| The Waveries | Frederic Brown | ||
| Correspondence Course | Raymond F. Jones | ||
| The Ethical Equations | Murray Leinster | ||
| 1951 (Awarded at the 2001 Millennium Philcon in Philadelphia, PA) | |||
| Novel | |||
| Farmer in the Sky | Robert A. Heinlein | ||
| Pebble in the Sky | Isaac Asimov | ||
| The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe | C. S. Lewis | ||
| First Lensman | Edward E. Smith, Ph.D. | ||
| The Dying Earth | Jack Vance | ||
| Novella | |||
| The Man Who Sold the Moon | Robert A. Heinlein (The Man Who Sold the Moon Shasta Publishers) | ||
| …And Now You Don’t | Isaac Asimov (Astounding Science Fiction Nov 1949 - Jan 1950) | ||
| To the Stars | L. Ron Hubbard (Astounding Science Fiction Feb-Mar 1950) | ||
| The Last Enemy | H Beam Piper (Astounding Science Fiction Aug 1950) | ||
| The Dreaming Jewels | Theodore Sturgeon (Fantastic Adventures Feb 1950) | ||
| Novelette | |||
| The Little Black Bag | C.M. Kornbluth (Astounding Science Fiction Jul 1950) | ||
| The Helping Hand | Poul Anderson (Astounding Science Fiction May 1950) | ||
| Okie | James Blish (Astounding Science Fiction Apr 1950) | ||
| Dear Devil | Eric Frank Russell (Other Worlds May 1950) | ||
| Scanners Live in Vain | Cordwainer Smith (Fantasy Book #6) | ||
| Short Story | |||
| To Serve Man | Damon Knight (Galaxy Nov 1950) | ||
| The Gnurrs Come from the Voodvork Out | Reginald Bretnor (F&SF Winter-Spring 1950) | ||
| A Subway Named Mobius | A.J. Deutsch (Astounding Science Fiction Dec 1950) | ||
| Coming Attraction | Fritz Leiber (Galaxy Nov 50) | ||
| Born of Man and Woman | Richard Matheson (F&SF Summer 1950) | ||
| Dramatic Presentation | |||
| Destination Moon | |||
| Cinderella | |||
| Harvey | |||
| Rabbit of Seville | |||
| Rocketship X-M | |||
| 1953 Philadelphia, PA | |||
| Novel | |||
| The Demolished Man | Alfred Bester | ||
| (no other fiction awards for this year) | |||
| 1954 (Awarded at the 2004 Noreascon in Boston) | |||
| Novel | |||
| Fahrenheit 451 | Ray Bradbury | ||
| Childhood’s End | Arthur C. Clarke | ||
| Mission of Gravity | Hal Clement | ||
| The Caves of Steel | Isaac Asimov | ||
| More than Human | Theodore Sturgeon | ||
| Novella | |||
| A Case of Conscience | James Blish (If Sept 1953) | ||
| Three Hearts and Three Lions | Poul Anderson (F&SF Sept-Oct 1953) | ||
| “…And My Fear is Great… | Theodore Sturgeon (Beyond Fantasy Fiction July 1953) | ||
| Un-Man | Poul Anderson (Astounding Science Fiction Jan 1953) | ||
| The Rose | Charles L. Harness (Authentic SF Monthly Mar 1953) | ||
| Daughters of Earth | Judith Merril (The Petrified Planet 1952 - withdrawn, published in prior year ) | ||
| Novelette | |||
| Earthman, Come Home | James Blish (Astounding Science Fiction Nov 1953) | ||
| Second Variety | Philip K. Dick (Space Science Fiction May 1953) | ||
| The Adventure of the Misplaced Hound | Poul Anderson and Gordon R. Dickson (Universe Dec 1953) | ||
| Sam Hall | Poul Anderson (Astounding Science Fiction Aug 1953) | ||
| The Wall Around the World | Theodore R. Cogswell (Beyond Fantasy Fiction Sept 1953) | ||
| Short Story | |||
| The Nine Billion Names of God | Arthur C. Clarke (Star Science Fiction Stories - Ballantine 1953) | ||
| It’s a Good Life | Jerome Bixby (Star Science Fiction Stories #2 - Ballantine 1953) | ||
| Star Light, Star Bright | Alfred Bester (F&SF July 1953) | ||
| A Saucer of Loneliness | Theodore Sturgeon (Galaxy Feb 1953) | ||
| Seventh Victim | Robert Sheckley (Galaxy Apr 1953) | ||
| Dramatic Presentation - Short Form | |||
| War of the Worlds | |||
| Duck Dodgers in the 24½th Century | |||
| It Came from Outer Space | |||
| The Beast from 20,000 Fathoms | |||
| Invaders from Mars | |||
| Best Related Book | |||
| Conquest of the Moon | Wernher von Braun, Fred L. Whipple and Willy Ley | ||
| Science-Fiction Handbook | L. Sprague de Camp | ||
| Modern Science Fiction: Its Meaning and Its Future | Reginald Bretnor | ||
| 1955 Cleveland, OH | |||
| Novel | |||
| They’d Rather Be Right | Mark Clifton & Frank Riley | ||
| Novelette | |||
| The Darfstellar | Walter M. Miller, Jr. | ||
| Short Story | |||
| Allamagoosa | Eric Frank Russell | ||
| 1956 New York, NY | |||
| Novel | |||
| Double Star | Robert A. Heinlein | ||
| Novelette | |||
| Exploration Team | Murray Leinster | ||
| Short Story | |||
| The Star | Arthur C. Clarke | ||
| 1957 London, Great Britain | |||
| (No fiction awards for this year, the only awards were for magazines) | |||
| 1958 South Gate (Los Angeles), CA | |||
| Novel or Novelette | |||
| The Big Time | Fritz Leiber | ||
| Short Story | |||
| Or All the Seas with Oysters | Avram Davidson | ||
| 1959 Detroit, MI | |||
| Novel | |||
| A Case of Conscience | James Blish | ||
| We Have Fed Our Sea (The Enemy Stars) | Poul Anderson | ||
| Who? | Algis Budrys | ||
| Have Space-Suit, Will Travel | Robert A. Heinlein | ||
| Time Killer (bk. Title Immortality, Inc) | Robert Sheckley | ||
| Novelette | |||
| The Big Front Yard | Clifford D. Simak | ||
| Unwillingly to School | Pauline Ashwell | ||
| Second Game | Charles V. DeVet & Katherine MacLean | ||
| Captivity | Zenna Henderson | ||
| Shark Ship (aka Reap the Dark Tide) | C. M. Kornbluth | ||
| A Deskful of Girls | Fritz Leiber | ||
| Rat in the Skull | Rog Phillips | ||
| The Miracle-Workers | Jack Vance | ||
| Short Story | |||
| That Hell Bound Train | Robert Bloch | ||
| They’ve Been Working On… | Anton Lee Baker | ||
| The Man Who Murdered Mohammed | Alfred Bester | ||
| Trigger Man | J. F. Bone | ||
| The Edge of the Sea | Algis Budrys | ||
| The Advent on Channel Twelve | C. M. Kornbluth | ||
| Theory of Rocketry | C. M. Kornbluth | ||
| Rump-Titty-Titty-Tum-Tah-Tee | Fritz Leiber | ||
| Space to Swing a Cat | Stanley Mullen | ||
| Nine Yards of Other Cloth | Manly Wade Wellman | ||
| 1960 Pittsburgh, PA | |||
| Novel | |||
| Starship Troopers | Robert A. Heinlein | ||
| Dorsai! (aka The Genetic General) | Gordon R. Dickson | ||
| The Pirates of Erzatz (aka The Pirates of Zan) | Murray Leinster | ||
| That Sweet Little Old Lady (aka Brain Twister) | Mark Phillips | ||
| The Sirens of Titan | Kurt Vonnegut, Jr | ||
| Short Fiction | |||
| Flowers for Algernon | Daniel Keyes | ||
| The Pi Man | Alfred Bester | ||
| The Alley Man | Philip Jose Farmer | ||
| The Man Who Lost the Sea | Theodore Sturgeon | ||
| Cat and Mouse | Ralph Williams | ||
| 1961 Seatle, WA | |||
| Novel | |||
| A Canticle for Leibowitz | Walter M. Miller, Jr | ||
| The High Crusade | Poul Anderson | ||
| Rogue Moon | Algis Budrys | ||
| Deathworld | Harry Harrison | ||
| Venux Plus X | Theodore Sturgeon | ||
| Short Fiction | |||
| The Longest Voyage | Poul Anderson | ||
| The Lost Kafoozalum | Pauline Ashwell | ||
| Open to Me, My Sister | Philip Jose Farmer | ||
| Need | Theodore Sturgeon | ||
| Dramatic Presentation | |||
| The Twilight Zone | |||
| 1962 Chicago, IL | |||
| Novel | |||
| Stranger in a Strange Land | Robert A. Heinlein | ||
| Dark Universe | Daniel F. Galouye | ||
| Sense of Obligation (aka Planet of the Damned) | Harry Harrison | ||
| The Fisherman (bk. Title Time is the Simplest Thing) | Clifford D. Simak | ||
| Second Ending | James White | ||
| Short Fiction | |||
| The ‘Hothouse’ series | Brian W. Aldiss | ||
| Monument | Lloyd Biggle, Jr. | ||
| Scylla’s Daughter | Fritz Leiber | ||
| Status Quo | Mack Reynolds | ||
| Lion Loose | James H. Schmitz | ||
| Dramatic Presentation | |||
| The Twilight Zone | |||
| 1963 Washington, DC | |||
| Novel | |||
| The Man in the High Castle | Philip K. Dick | ||
| Sword of Aldonnes | Marion Zimmer Bradley | ||
| A Fall of Moondust | Arthur C. Clarke | ||
| Little Fuzzy | H. Beam Piper | ||
| Sylva | Vercors | ||
| Short Fiction | |||
| The Dragon Masters | Jack Vance | ||
| Myrrha | Gary Jennings | ||
| The Unholy Grail | Fritz Leiber | ||
| When You Care, When You Love | Theodore Sturgeon | ||
| Where is the Bird of Fire? | Thomas Burnett Swann | ||
| 1964 Oakland, CA | |||
| Novel | |||
| Here Gather the Stars (bk. title Way Station) | Clifford D. Simak | ||
| Glory Road | Robert A. Heinlein | ||
| Dune World | Frank Herbert | ||
| Witch World | Andre Norton | ||
| Cat’s Cradle | Kurt Vonnegut, Jr. | ||
| Short Fiction | |||
| No Truce With Kings | Poul Anderson | ||
| Savage Pellucidar | Edgar Rice Burroughs | ||
| Code Three | Rick Raphael | ||
| A Rose for Ecclesiastes | Roger Zelazny | ||
| 1965 London, Great Britian | |||
| Novel | |||
| The Wanderer | Fritz Leiber | ||
| The Whole Man | John Brunner | ||
| Davy | Edgar Pangborn | ||
| The Planet Buyer | Cordwainer Smith | ||
| Short Story | |||
| Soldier, Ask Not | Gordon R. Dickson | ||
| Eyes Do More Than See | Isaac Asimov | ||
| Founding Father | Isaac Asimov | ||
| Once a Cop | Rick Raphael | ||
| Little Dog Gone | Robert F. Young | ||
| Special Drama | |||
| Dr. Strangelove | |||
| 1966 Cleveland, OH | |||
| Novel | |||
| Dune (tie) | Frank Herbert | ||
| …And Call Me Conrad (bk. Title, expanded - This Immortal)(tie) | Roger Zelazny | ||
| Squares of the City | John Brunner | ||
| Skylark Duquesne | E. E. Smith | ||
| Short Story | |||
| ‘Repent, Harlequin!’, Said the Ticktockman | Harlan Ellison | ||
| Marque and Reprisal | Poul Anderson | ||
| Day of the Great Shout | Philip Jose Farmer | ||
| Stardock | Fritz Leiber | ||
| The Doors of His Face, The Lamps of His Mouth | Roger Zelazny | ||
| Best All-Time Series | |||
| The Foundation Trilogy | Isaac Asimov | ||
| Barsoom Series | Edgar Rice Burroughs | ||
| Future History Series | Robert A. Heinlein | ||
| Lensman | E. E. Smith | ||
| The Lord of the Rings | J. R. R. Tolkien | ||
| 1967 New York, NY | |||
| Novel | |||
| The Moon is a Harsh Mistress | Robert A. Heinlein | ||
| Flowers for Algernon | Daniel Keyes | ||
| Babel-17 | Samuel R. Delany | ||
| Too Many Magicians | Randall Garrett | ||
| The Witches of Karres | James H. Schmitz | ||
| Day of the Minotaur | Thomas Burnett Swann | ||
| Novelette | |||
| The Last Castle | Jack Vance | ||
| Call Him Lord | Gordon R. Dickson | ||
| Apology to Inky | Robert M. Green Jr. | ||
| The Alchemist | Charles L. Harness | ||
| An Ornament to His Profession | Charles L. Harness | ||
| The Eskimo Invasion | Hayden Howard | ||
| The Manor of Roses | Thomas Burnett Swann | ||
| For a Breath I Tarry | Roger Zelazny | ||
| This Moment of the Storm | Roger Zelazny | ||
| Short Story | |||
| Neutron Star | Larry Niven | ||
| The Secret Place | Richard McKenna | ||
| Man In His Time | Brian W. Aldiss | ||
| Delusions for a Dragon Slayer | Harlan Ellison | ||
| Rat Race | Raymond F. Jones | ||
| Mr. Jester | Fred Saberhagen | ||
| Light of Other Days | Bob Shaw | ||
| Comes Now the Power | Roger Zelazny | ||
| Dramatic Presentation | |||
| The Menagerie (Star Trek) | |||
| 1968 Oakland, CA | |||
| Novel | |||
| Lord of Light | Roger Zelazny | ||
| The Einstein Intersection | Samuel R. Delany | ||
| The Butterfly Kid | Chester Anderson | ||
| Chthon | Piers Anthony | ||
| Thorns | Robert Silverberg | ||
| Novella | |||
| Weyr Search (tie) | Anne McCaffrey | ||
| Riders of the Purple Wage (tie) | Philip Jose Farmer | ||
| The Star Pit | Samuel R. Delany | ||
| Hawksbill Station | Robert Silverberg | ||
| Damnation Alley | Roger Zelazny | ||
| Novelette | |||
| Gonna Roll the Bones | Fritz Leiber | ||
| Total Environment | Brian W. Aldiss | ||
| Faith of Our Fathers | Philip K. Dick | ||
| Pretty Maggie Moneyeyes | Harlan Ellison | ||
| Wizard’s World | Andre Norton | ||
| Short Story | |||
| I Have No Mouth and I Must Scream | Harlan Ellison | ||
| Aye, and Gomorrah | Samuel R. Delany | ||
| The Jigsaw Man | Larry Niven | ||
| Dramatic Presentation | |||
| City on the Edge of Forever (Star Trek) | Harlan Ellison | ||
| Mirror, Mirror (Star Trek) | Jerome Bixby | ||
| The Trouble With Tribbles (Star Trek) | David Gerrold | ||
| The Doomsday Machine (Star Trek) | Norman Spinrad | ||
| Amok Time (Star Trek) | Theodore Sturgeon | ||
| 1969 St. Louis, MO | |||
| Novel | |||
| Stand on Zanzibar | John Brunner | ||
| Rite of Passage | Alexei Panshin | ||
| Nova | Samuel R. Delany | ||
| Past Master | R. A. Lafferty | ||
| The Goblin Reservation | Clifford D. Simak | ||
| Novella | |||
| Nightwings | Robert Silverberg | ||
| Dragonrider | Anne McCaffrey | ||
| Lines of Power | Samuel R. Delany | ||
| Hawk Among the Sparrows | Dean McLaughlin | ||
| Novelette | |||
| The Sharing of Flesh | Poul Anderson | ||
| Getting Through University | Piers Anthony | ||
| Mother to the World | Richard Wilson | ||
| Short Story | |||
| The Beast that Shouted Love at the Heart of the World | Harlan Ellison | ||
| The Dance of the Changer and the Three | Terry Carr | ||
| The Steiger Effect | Betsy Curtis | ||
| Masks | Damon Knight | ||
| All the Myriad Ways | Larry Niven | ||
| Dramatic Presentation | |||
| 2001: A Space Odyssey | Stanley Kubrick, A. C. Clarke | ||
| 1970 Heidelberg, Germany | |||
| Novel | |||
| The Left Hand of Darkness | Ursula K. Le Guin | ||
| Macroscope | Piers Anthony | ||
| Up the Line | Robert Silverberg | ||
| Bug Jack Barron | Norman Spinrad | ||
| Slaughterhouse-Five | Kurt Vonnegut, Jr. | ||
| Novella | |||
| Ship of Shadows | Fritz Leiber | ||
| A Boy and His Dog | Harlan Ellison | ||
| We All Die Naked | James Blish | ||
| Dramatic Mission | Anne McCaffrey | ||
| To Jorslem | Robert Silverberg | ||
| Short Story | |||
| Time Considered as a Helix of Semi-Precious Stones | Samuel R. Delany | ||
| Deeper Than Darkness | Gregory Benford | ||
| Winter’s King | Ursula K. Le Guin | ||
| Not Long Before the End | Larry Niven | ||
| Passengers | Robert Silverberg | ||
| Dramatic Presentation | |||
| News Coverage of Apollo XI | |||
| 1971 Boston, MA | |||
| Novel | |||
| Ringworld | Larry Niven | ||
| Tau Zero | Poul Anderson | ||
| Star Light | Hal Clement | ||
| Tower of Glass | Robert Silverberg | ||
| The Year of the Quiet Sun | Wilson Tucker | ||
| Novella | |||
| Ill Met in Lankhmar | Fritz Leiber | ||
| The Region Between | Harlan Ellison | ||
| Beastchild | Dean R. Koontz | ||
| The Snow Women (withdrawn) | Fritz Leiber | ||
| The World Outside | Robert Silverberg | ||
| The Thing in the Stone | Clifford D. Simak | ||
| Short Story | |||
| Slow Sculpture | Theodore Sturgeon | ||
| Brillo | Ben Bova & Harlan Ellison | ||
| Jean Dupres | Gordon R. Dickson | ||
| Continued on Next Rock | R. A. Lafferty | ||
| In the Queue | Keith Laumer | ||
| 1972 Los Angeles, CA | |||
| Novel | |||
| To Your Scattered Bodies Go | Philip Jose Farmer | ||
| The Lathe of Heaven | Ursula K. Le Guin | ||
| Dragonquest | Anne McCaffrey | ||
| A Time of Changes | Robert Silverberg | ||
| The World Inside (withdrawn) | Robert Silverberg | ||
| Jack of Shadows | Roger Zelazny | ||
| Novella | |||
| The Queen of Air and Darkness | Poul Anderson | ||
| Dread Empire | John Brunner | ||
| A Meeting with Medusa | Arthur C. Clarke | ||
| A Special Kind of Morning | Gardner Dozois | ||
| The Fourth Profession | Larry Niven | ||
| Short Story | |||
| Inconstant Moon | Larry Niven | ||
| All The Last Wars At Once | George Alec Effinger | ||
| Sky | R. A. Lafferty | ||
| Vaster Than Empires and More Slow | Ursula K. Le Guin | ||
| The Autumn Land | Clifford D. Simak | ||
| The Bear with the Knot on His Tail | Stephen Tall | ||
| Dramatic Presentation | |||
| A Clockwork Orange | |||
| 1973 Toronto, Canada | |||
| Novel | |||
| The Gods Themselves | Isaac Asimov | ||
| When Harlie was One | David Gerrold | ||
| The Book of Skulls | Robert Silverberg | ||
| Dying Inside | Robert Silverberg | ||
| A Choice of Gods | Clifford D. Simak | ||
| The Fifth Head of Cerberus | Gene Wolfe | ||
| Novella | |||
| The Word for World is Forest | Ursula K. Le Guin | ||
| The Gold at Starbow’s End | Frederik Pohl | ||
| The Mercenary | Jerry Pournelle | ||
| Novelette | |||
| Goat Song | Poul Anderson | ||
| A Kingdom by the Sea | Gardner Dozois | ||
| Basilisk | Harlan Ellison | ||
| Hero | Joe Haldeman | ||
| Patron of the Arts | Bill Rotsler | ||
| Painwise | James Tiptree, Jr. | ||
| Short Story | |||
| The Meeting (tie) | Frederik Pohl & C. M. Kornbluth | ||
| Eurema’s Dam (tie) | R. A. Lafferty | ||
| On the Downhill Side | Harlan Ellison | ||
| When We Went to See the End of the World | Robert Silverberg | ||
| And I Awoke and Found Me Here on the Cold Hill’s Side | James Tiptree, Jr. | ||
| Dramatic Presentation | |||
| Slaughter-House Five | |||
| 1974 Washington, DC | |||
| Novel | |||
| Rendezvous with Rama | Arthur C. Clarke | ||
| People of the Wind | Poul Anderson | ||
| The Man Who Folded Himself | David Gerrold | ||
| Time Enough for Love | Robert A. Heinlein | ||
| Protector | Larry Niven | ||
| Novella | |||
| The Girl Who was Plugged In | James Tiptree, Jr. | ||
| Death and Designation Among the Asadi | Michael Bishop | ||
| The White Otters of Childhood | Michael Bishop | ||
| Chains of the Sea | Gardner Dozois | ||
| The Death of Doctor Island | Gene Wolfe | ||
| Novelette | |||
| The Deathbird | Harlan Ellison | ||
| The City on the Sand | George Alec Effinger | ||
| Of Mist, and Grass, and Sand | Vonda McIntyre | ||
| He Fell Into a Dark Hole | Jerry Pournelle | ||
| Love is the Plan the Plan is Death | James Tiptree, Jr. | ||
| Short Story | |||
| The Ones Who Walk Away from Omelas | Ursula K Le Guin | ||
| With Morning Comes Mistfall | George R. R. Martin | ||
| Wings | Vonda McIntyre | ||
| Construction Shack | Clifford D. Simak | ||
| Dramatic Presentation | |||
| Sleeper | |||
| 1975 Melbourne, Australia | |||
| Novel | |||
| The Dispossessed | Ursula K. Le Guin | ||
| Fire Time | Poul Anderson | ||
| Flow My Tears, The Policeman Said | Philip K. Dick | ||
| The Mote in God’s Eye | Larry Niven & Jerry Pournelle | ||
| The Inverted World | Christopher Priest | ||
| Novella | |||
| A Song for Lya | George R. R. Martin | ||
| Strangers | Gardner Dozois | ||
| Born with the Dead | Robert Silverberg | ||